M65.28

Clinical Causes: Repetitive stress or overuse of tendons Age-related degeneration of tendons Injury or trauma causing tissue damage Metabolic or calcium metabolism disorders Genetic predisposition in some cases

Key Symptoms: Localized pain at the affected site, often worsening with movement Swelling or inflammation around the tendon Tenderness when pressing on the area Reduced range of motion in nearby joints Possible warmth and redness if inflammation is significant Pain that may be sudden or gradually increase over time

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis generally involves a combination of clinical examination and imaging studies. The healthcare provider will examine the painful area for tenderness, swelling, and range of motion. Imaging techniques include: - X-ray: Typically reveals calcium deposits in the affected tendon. - Ultrasound: Offers dynamic assessment and can detect calcium deposits and associated inflammation. - MRI: Used in complex cases, especially if other soft tissue injuries are suspected. Laboratory tests are usually not necessary unless an underlying metabolic disorder is suspected.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment aims to reduce pain, decrease inflammation, and promote the resorption of calcium deposits. Common approaches include: - Rest and activity modification to avoid aggravating movements - Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain relief - Physical therapy to improve flexibility, strength, and reduce stiffness - Ultrasound-guided needle aspiration or lavage to remove calcium deposits in some cases - Corticosteroid injections to alleviate severe inflammation - Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in resistant cases - Surgical removal of calcium deposits if conservative treatments fail and symptoms persist Most cases resolve with conservative treatment, but improvement can take several weeks to months. Healing time varies depending on the site and severity of the calcific deposits.