S82.53

Clinical Causes: Direct trauma or blow to the inner ankle Falls from a height onto the ankle Twisting injuries during sports or physical activities Motor vehicle accidents impacting the ankle Osteoporosis increasing fracture risk

Key Symptoms: Pain and tenderness around the inside of the ankle Swelling and bruising of the ankle region Inability or difficulty bearing weight Deformity or misalignment of the ankle Reduced range of motion in the joint Feeling of instability or looseness in the ankle

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosing a displaced medial malleolar fracture involves a combination of physical examination and imaging tests. The healthcare provider will check for tenderness, swelling, and deformity, and may perform stress tests to evaluate instability. Imaging studies such as X-rays are essential to confirm the fracture's presence, location, displacement degree, and any associated injuries. Advanced imaging like CT scans might be used if detailed fracture mapping is necessary.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options depend on the severity and displacement of the fracture. Common approaches include: - **Immobilization:** Using a plaster cast or brace to keep the ankle stable as the bone heals, typically for several weeks. - **Reduction:** If the fracture fragments are displaced, the doctor may perform a closed reduction (manipulating the bone externally) or open reduction (surgical realignment) to restore proper alignment. - **Surgical fixation:** Metal pins, screws, or plates might be used to fixate the bone fragments securely, especially in cases of significant displacement. - **Rehabilitation:** After initial healing, physical therapy helps restore strength, flexibility, and function to the ankle. Monitoring healing through periodic X-rays is crucial to ensure proper bone healing and to prevent complications such as non-union or mal-union.