M10.239

Clinical Causes: Use of medications that increase uric acid levels, such as diuretics (water pills) like hydrochlorothiazide or loop diuretics. Certain medications used for chemotherapy can lead to increased uric acid as a side effect. Medication containing salicylates, which can interfere with uric acid elimination. Immunosuppressants like cyclosporine that may cause uric acid buildup. High doses or prolonged use of medications that affect kidney function or uric acid metabolism.

Key Symptoms: Sudden and severe pain in the wrist joint. Swelling and tenderness of the affected wrist. Redness and warmth around the joint. Limited range of motion due to pain and swelling. Possible formation of tophi (urate crystal deposits) in advanced stages.

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosing drug-induced gout involves a combination of medical history review, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Healthcare providers may perform joint fluid analysis by extracting fluid from the wrist joint to identify uric acid crystals. Blood tests measuring serum uric acid levels can support the diagnosis, although levels may sometimes be normal during an acute attack. Imaging studies like X-rays or ultrasound can reveal joint damage or crystal deposits. It's essential to review medication history to identify any drugs that might contribute to uric acid accumulation.

Treatment Protocols: Discontinuing or modifying the use of the medication responsible, under medical supervision. Using anti-inflammatory medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain relief. Administering corticosteroids if NSAIDs are contraindicated or ineffective. Colchicine may be used to reduce joint inflammation during acute attacks. Adjusting long-term uric acid levels through medications like allopurinol or febuxostat if necessary. Implementing lifestyle changes, including a low-purine diet, adequate hydration, and weight management, to prevent future episodes.