H18.542

Clinical Causes: Inherited genetic mutations passed through families Autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, meaning only one copy of the mutated gene from either parent can cause the disorder

Key Symptoms: Blurred vision progressively worsening Eye discomfort or pain, especially if corneal erosions occur Light sensitivity (photophobia) Halos or glare around lights Foreign body sensation in the eye Corneal opacity or haze becoming more prominent over time

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis mainly involves a detailed eye examination with slit-lamp microscopy, which allows eye care professionals to visualize the characteristic lattice-like deposits within the corneal stroma. Additional tests such as corneal topography or pachymetry may be used to assess corneal thickness and surface irregularities. Since lattice corneal dystrophy is hereditary, a detailed family history can support diagnosis. In some cases, genetic testing may be performed to identify specific mutations linked to the disease.

Treatment Protocols: Currently, no cure exists for lattice corneal dystrophy. Management focuses on slowing disease progression and improving vision. Treatment options include: - **Regular monitoring** to track changes in corneal opacity and visual acuity - **Use of corrective lenses** such as glasses or contact lenses to enhance vision - **Corneal transplantation** (keratoplasty) for advanced cases where vision is significantly impaired, involving the replacement of the damaged corneal tissue - **Phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK)**, a laser procedure to remove superficial corneal deposits and improve clarity - **Pain management** in cases where erosions cause discomfort, including lubricating eye drops or medications Ongoing consultation with an ophthalmologist specialized in corneal diseases is essential for tailored management and timely intervention.