C44.7

Clinical Causes: Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or tanning beds Chronic skin injuries or wounds that never fully heal Exposure to carcinogenic chemicals or substances Immunosuppression due to medications or medical conditions such as HIV/AIDS A family history of skin cancers or genetic predispositions History of prior skin cancers in the same area Certain inherited genetic disorders that increase skin cancer risk

Key Symptoms: Persistent skin lesions that do not heal or keep bleeding Appearance of new growths or lumps on the skin of the lower limb or hip Changes in the size, color, or shape of existing moles or skin spots Ulceration or crusting on the skin surface Skin discoloration that does not fade over time Itching, tenderness, or pain in a localized skin area Warty or scaly patches that may resemble common skin conditions

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis typically involves a thorough physical examination of the affected area, followed by skin biopsy to confirm malignancy. The biopsy sample is analyzed histologically to determine the type of cancer and its characteristics. Imaging studies such as ultrasound, MRI, or CT scans may be utilized to assess the extent of local invasion or metastasis. Additional tests can help evaluate lymph node involvement or spread to other organs, guiding the treatment plan.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options depend on the type, size, location, and stage of the tumor, and may include: - Surgical excision to remove the malignant tissue with clear margins - Mohs micrographic surgery, especially for lesions on visible or functionally important areas - Radiation therapy to target cancer cells and reduce tumor size - Chemotherapy or targeted therapy for advanced or metastatic cases - Follow-up skin examinations and imaging to monitor for recurrence - Patient education on skin protection and regular self-examinations to detect new or recurring lesions early