M67.50

Clinical Causes: Repetitive knee motions or overuse, particularly activities like running, jumping, or cycling Knee injuries, such as falls or direct trauma, which can cause inflammation of the plica Anatomic variations where the plica is more prominent or has a predisposition to irritation History of previous knee surgeries or procedures that may alter normal knee anatomy

Key Symptoms: Knee pain, often localized on the front or inside of the knee A feeling of fullness or swelling in the knee Clicking, popping, or snapping sensations when moving the knee joint Tenderness along the front or inner knee Discomfort worsened by activities that involve knee flexion or extension Possible sensations of catching or locking of the knee during movement

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of plica syndrome involves a combination of clinical evaluation and imaging studies. A healthcare provider will typically review medical history and conduct a physical exam, checking for tenderness, swelling, and abnormal movement of the knee. Specific physical tests may help reproduce symptoms, such as pressing on the plica to elicit pain or clicking. Imaging techniques like MRI scans can be useful to visualize the plica, rule out other intra-articular pathologies, and assess the extent of inflammation or structural abnormalities. Sometimes, diagnostic arthroscopy is performed if the diagnosis remains uncertain—or if symptoms persist despite conservative treatment.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment strategies for plica syndrome focus on alleviating inflammation, reducing pain, and improving knee function. Common approaches include: - Rest and activity modification to prevent aggravation of symptoms - Application of ice packs to decrease swelling and provide pain relief - Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce inflammation and discomfort - Physical therapy aimed at strengthening surrounding muscles, improving knee stability, and promoting proper biomechanics - Corticosteroid injections for persistent inflammation and pain relief in some cases - In rare instances, surgical intervention such as arthroscopic resection or release of the plica may be considered for refractory symptoms. Surgery aims to remove or smooth the inflamed fold and restore normal knee movement. Prevention and management involve proper warm-up before physical activity, avoiding repetitive knee stress, and maintaining good flexibility and strength in the leg muscles.