C44.629

Clinical Causes: Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or tanning beds Having fair skin that is more sensitive to UV damage A history of sunburns or excessive sun exposure over time Chronic skin injuries, scars, or inflammation Weakened immune system, including certain medical conditions or medications Exposure to carcinogenic chemicals or substances Prior skin cancer history or genetic predisposition

Key Symptoms: A persistent, scaly, or crusted bump or patch on the skin A sore that does not heal, or heals and then re-opens A raised growth with a rough or keratinous surface A new or changing sore or spot on the skin of the shoulder or upper arm Redness or swelling around the lesion In some cases, ulceration or bleeding in the affected area Discomfort or tenderness in the spot, though often painless

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosing SCC involves a thorough examination by a healthcare provider. This typically includes inspecting the lesion and reviewing medical history. A biopsy is essential, where a small sample of tissue from the suspected lesion is removed and examined under a microscope to confirm the presence of squamous cell carcinoma. Additional imaging studies, such as ultrasound or MRI, may be used if there is concern about spreading beyond the skin, especially in more advanced cases.

Treatment Protocols: Surgical excision: Cutting out the tumor along with a margin of healthy tissue Mohs surgery: A precise technique where the tissue is removed layer by layer and examined until no cancer cells remain, ideal for facial or critical areas Cryotherapy: Using extreme cold to destroy cancer cells, often for small, superficial lesions Topical medications: Such as 5-fluorouracil or imiquimod for superficial lesions Radiation therapy: Employing high-energy radiation to target cancer cells, used if surgery isn't suitable Systemic therapies: In cases where SCC has spread or is difficult to remove, options may include targeted therapy or immunotherapy