R94.111

Clinical Causes: Retinal degenerative diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa Vitamins or nutritional deficiencies impacting retinal health Diabetic retinopathy or diabetic macular edema Inherited retinal disorders Inflammatory conditions affecting the retina (e.g., uveitis) Retinal vascular disorders Optic nerve or neurological conditions affecting retinal responses Previous eye surgeries or traumatic injuries to the eye Use of certain medications that can impact retinal function Age-related changes in retinal health

Key Symptoms: Decreased visual acuity or sharpness Night blindness or difficulty seeing in low light Visual field loss or blind spots Color vision disturbances Visual distortions, such as lines appearing wavy Floaters or flashing lights in vision Difficulty adapting to changes in lighting conditions

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis begins with a comprehensive eye examination, including visual acuity testing and fundoscopy. An electroretinogram (ERG) is performed to assess retinal function. During the ERG procedure, electrodes are placed on or near the eye to record electrical responses to light stimuli. The results are compared to normal values, and abnormal responses may suggest specific retinal issues. Further testing and imaging, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) or fluorescein angiography, may be used to identify underlying causes.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options depend on the underlying cause of the abnormal ERG. Managing systemic conditions like diabetes is crucial if diabetic retinopathy is involved. Some retinal degenerative diseases may have no current cure but can benefit from supportive therapies, low vision aids, or clinical trials. Inflammatory or infectious causes may require medications such as corticosteroids or antibiotics. Regular monitoring and follow-up with an eye care professional are essential to track disease progression and adapt treatment plans accordingly.