L23.0

Clinical Causes: Exposure to nickel, commonly found in jewelry, watches, and clothing fasteners Contact with chromium, often present in leather products, paints, and dyes Repeated or prolonged skin contact with metallic items containing these allergens Use of certain cosmetics or personal care products that contain metal traces Occupational exposure in industries working with metals or metal alloys

Key Symptoms: Redness and swelling on the skin at the site of contact Itching, which can be intense and persistent Blisters or vesicles that may ooze or crust over Dry, flaky, or scaly skin in affected areas Tenderness or warmth over the inflamed skin Chronic dermatitis with thickened or leathery skin if exposure continues

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis is primarily based on a detailed history of exposure to potential allergens and a physical examination of the skin. Patch testing is the most definitive method, where small amounts of common allergens like nickel or chromium are applied to the skin under patches. The skin's reaction is observed over several days to determine hypersensitivity. This test can help confirm the specific metal causing the allergy and distinguish it from other skin conditions.

Treatment Protocols: Identifying and avoiding products containing nickel or chromium Using protective barriers like clear nail polish on jewelry or metal objects Wearing clothing that prevents direct contact with metal items Applying topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation during flare-ups Using emollients to moisturize and repair irritated skin In severe cases, systemic medications like antihistamines or corticosteroids may be prescribed