I72.3

Clinical Causes: Atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) Genetic predisposition and inherited connective tissue disorders Previous injury or trauma to the pelvic region Infection leading to weakening of the arterial wall Inflammatory diseases affecting blood vessels High blood pressure (hypertension) Lifestyle factors such as smoking and high cholesterol levels

Key Symptoms: Typically, iliac artery aneurysms are asymptomatic, especially in early stages. A noticeable lump or swelling in the lower abdomen or pelvis. Pain in the abdomen, pelvis, groin, or legs, which may be constant or come and go. A pulsating sensation near the pelvis or lower abdomen. Symptoms of complication such as severe pain, sudden weakness or paralysis in the lower limbs, or signs of internal bleeding if the aneurysm ruptures.

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis often begins with a physical examination where a healthcare provider detects a pulsating mass or abnormal vascular sounds. Confirmatory imaging tests include: - Ultrasound (Doppler ultrasound) to visualize blood flow. - Computed tomography angiography (CTA) for detailed images of blood vessels. - Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) as a non-invasive imaging option. These tests help determine the size, location, and potential risk of rupture of the aneurysm.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment strategies depend on the size, growth rate, and overall health of the patient. Options include: - Regular monitoring (surveillance) for small, asymptomatic aneurysms. - Surgical repair, such as open surgical aneurysmectomy with graft placement, when the aneurysm reaches a size that poses a rupture risk. - Endovascular repair using minimally invasive techniques like stent placement for suitable candidates. Post-treatment, patients require ongoing follow-up to monitor for recurrence or complications.