K61.2

Clinical Causes: Bacterial infections, especially involving gut bacteria such as *Staphylococcus* or *Streptococcus* Blocked anal glands leading to infection and abscess formation Poor hygiene practices which may facilitate bacterial growth Inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn’s disease Anal trauma or injury from anal intercourse or foreign objects Recent anal or rectal surgery or procedures Immunocompromised states, which diminish the body's ability to fight infections

Key Symptoms: Severe pain around the anus, especially while sitting or during bowel movements Swelling and redness around the anus or rectum Tenderness in the affected area Presence of a palpable lump or abscess that may feel warm to the touch Fever and chills, particularly if the infection becomes systemic Discharge of pus from the anal opening, which may have an odor Difficulty with bowel movements due to pain and swelling

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis typically begins with a physical examination of the anal area to identify swelling, redness, or an abscess. The healthcare provider may perform:

Treatment Protocols: Treatment of an anorectal abscess generally involves medical procedures to drain the pus and clear the infection. Common approaches include: