M77.3

Clinical Causes: Repetitive stress or pressure on the heel area, often from prolonged standing, running, or jumping activities. Chronic plantar fasciitis, which involves inflammation of the tissue connecting the heel bone to the toes, can contribute to spur formation. Obesity, which increases pressure on the heel during movement. Inappropriate footwear lacking proper arch support or cushioning. Structural abnormalities in the foot, such as flat feet or high arches. Age-related degeneration of the heel tissues causing abnormal bone growth.

Key Symptoms: Heel pain, particularly when standing up in the morning or after periods of rest. Discomfort or pain that worsens after physical activity or prolonged standing. A visible or palpable bony protrusion at the underside or inside of the heel. Tenderness when pressing on the heel area. Sometimes, radiating pain to the arch or bottom of the foot.

Diagnosis Path: X-rays: The most common imaging technique used to identify the presence of a calcaneal spur. Ultrasound or MRI: May be employed to evaluate surrounding soft tissues and rule out other causes of heel pain.

Treatment Protocols: Rest and avoiding activities that exacerbate heel pain. Applying ice packs to reduce inflammation and discomfort. Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to alleviate pain and swelling. Heel pads or cushioned footwear to decrease pressure on the heel. Stretching exercises targeting the Achilles tendon and plantar fascia. Physical therapy to improve foot mechanics and relieve strain. Orthotic devices, such as custom-made shoe inserts, to support the arch. In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be administered for pain relief. Surgical options, considered only when conservative treatments fail, may involve removing the spur or releasing the plantar fascia.