D07.4

Clinical Causes: Chronic irritation or inflammation of the penile skin Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially high-risk strains Poor personal hygiene Infrequent or lack of circumcision History of other sexually transmitted infections Smoking, which can impair immune response Immunosuppression, such as in HIV infection or organ transplant recipients

Key Symptoms: Red, velvety, or scaly patches on the penile skin, often on the glans or foreskin Lumps or raised lesions that may be tender or ulcerated Color changes, such as erythema or reddish patches Persistent sores or ulcers that do not heal In some cases, no symptoms are apparent, and the condition is found during routine examinations

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of carcinoma in situ of the penis typically involves a combination of physical examination, patient history, and laboratory tests. A biopsy of the affected tissue is essential for confirming the presence of abnormal cells and distinguishing carcinoma in situ from benign conditions or invasive cancer. Additional procedures such as dermoscopy or imaging may help assess the extent of the lesion. The diagnosis also involves ruling out other conditions with similar presentations, such as penile psoriasis or infections.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options focus on eradicating the abnormal cells and preventing progression to invasive cancer. Common approaches include: