I46.8

Clinical Causes: Severe infections such as sepsis Electrolyte imbalances (e.g., abnormal potassium or calcium levels) Severe respiratory distress or hypoxia Trauma or severe blood loss Drug overdose or poisoning Severe anemia Neurogenic shock due to brain injury Certain metabolic disorders Major surgeries with anesthesia complications

Key Symptoms: Sudden collapse or loss of consciousness No pulse or heartbeat detected Unresponsiveness Absence of breathing Dilated pupils that do not respond to light Cyanosis (bluish coloring of the lips or face) Dizziness or weakness prior to collapse (sometimes) Signs of the underlying condition causing the arrest

Diagnosis Path: Immediate assessment of responsiveness, breathing, and pulse Electrocardiogram (ECG) to monitor heart activity Blood tests to identify metabolic or electrolyte disturbances Imaging studies like chest X-ray or CT scan if trauma or infection is suspected Evaluation of the patient's medical history and recent health events Assessment for underlying conditions such as infections, drug toxicity, or neurological injury

Treatment Protocols: Immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to restore circulation Use of defibrillation if the cardiac arrest is due to certain arrhythmias Administration of medications such as epinephrine to improve heart activity Oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation to support breathing Treating the underlying condition — for example, antibiotics for infection, antidotes for poisoning, or correction of electrolyte imbalances Continuous monitoring in an intensive care setting Post-resuscitation care to prevent recurrence and manage complications