A06.1

Clinical Causes: Ingestion of food or water contaminated with Entamoeba histolytica cysts Poor sanitation and hygiene practices Close contact with infected individuals Fecal-oral transmission in crowded living conditions

Key Symptoms: Chronic abdominal pain and cramping Frequent diarrhea, often with mucus or blood Unexplained weight loss Fatigue and weakness Occasional fever Persistent or recurrent rectal bleeding Anemia due to chronic blood loss

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of chronic intestinal amebiasis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Stool samples are examined for the presence of Entamoeba histolytica cysts or trophozoites. Imaging studies, such as sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, may be performed to visualize intestinal damage. Serological tests can also support the diagnosis by detecting specific antibodies.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment generally includes antiparasitic medications such as metronidazole or tinidazole to eliminate the infection. In some cases, additional drugs may be prescribed to eradicate cysts and prevent recurrence. Dietary adjustments and supportive care may help manage symptoms. Follow-up testing is often recommended to confirm eradication of the parasite.