Q36.9

Clinical Causes: Genetic factors: mutations or alterations in genes involved in facial development. Environmental influences: maternal smoking, alcohol consumption, or certain medications during pregnancy. Nutritional deficiencies: such as folic acid deficiency during early pregnancy. Syndromic associations: linked to genetic syndromes like Van der Woude syndrome or Pierre Robin sequence. Unknown factors: in some cases, the exact cause remains unidentified.

Key Symptoms: Visible split or notch on one side of the upper lip at birth. Difficulty with feeding due to the gap, leading to milk escaping through the nose. Potential nasal deformity or asymmetry due to facial structure anomalies. Speech development issues later in childhood if not corrected. Dental problems such as misaligned teeth or missing tooth development on the affected side.

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of unilateral cleft lip is usually made at birth through physical examination. Healthcare providers assess the extent of the cleft and may perform imaging studies, such as ultrasound or X-rays, to evaluate associated nasal or oral structures. In some cases, genetic testing or assessment for syndrome involvement may be recommended to identify underlying causes. Early diagnosis is essential for planning timely interventions and treatments.

Treatment Protocols: Speech therapy to address potential speech delays. Dental care and orthodontic treatment for alignment issues. Nasal reconstruction or rhinoplasty as needed for nasal deformities. Psychosocial support to assist with emotional and social concerns.