Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases

This chapter focuses on hormonal imbalances, gland disorders, and metabolic dysfunction. It includes diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, adrenal gland diseases, and pituitary disorders. Diabetes is one of the most extensively coded conditions here, with distinctions for type, complications, and control status. Thyroid diseases such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are also major components.
Nutritional disorders include malnutrition, vitamin deficiencies, and obesity. Metabolic conditions such as disorders of lipid metabolism (e.g., hypercholesterolemia) are also classified here. Because endocrine glands regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response, disorders in this chapter often affect multiple body systems. Coding may reflect complications like neuropathy, nephropathy, or cardiovascular effects in metabolic diseases.
This chapter is essential in chronic disease management and preventive medicine.