N52.02

Clinical Causes: Blockage or narrowing of penile veins, preventing blood from being retained in the erectile tissue Vascular injury or damage resulting from trauma or surgery Atherosclerosis, leading to narrowed blood vessels Blood clot formation obstructing venous outflow Age-related vascular deterioration Certain medical conditions such as diabetes or hypertension that impact blood vessel health Use of medications that affect blood flow or vascular tone

Key Symptoms: Difficulty maintaining an erection suitable for sexual intercourse Early loss of erection during sexual activity A soft or flaccid penis despite arousal Possible presence of visible or palpable venous irregularities around the penis Discomfort or tenderness in the penile area (less common)

Diagnosis Path: Doppler ultrasound to assess blood flow in penile arteries and veins Venous color Doppler imaging to observe venous leakage or outflow problems Male sexual function questionnaires to evaluate the severity and impact Laboratory tests to identify underlying conditions such as diabetes or hormonal imbalances

Treatment Protocols: Vascular surgery procedures to correct venous leak or occlusion Injections or medications that enhance blood flow or promote vasodilation Use of vacuum erection devices to facilitate blood trapping Implantation of penile prostheses in cases where other treatments are ineffective Lifestyle modifications such as improved diet, exercise, and smoking cessation to enhance vascular health Addressing underlying health issues like hypertension or diabetes to prevent disease progression