Q75.001

Clinical Causes: Genetic mutations or familial history of cranial sutures prematurely closing Syndromes associated with craniofacial abnormalities, such as Crouzon or Apert syndrome Environmental factors during pregnancy, although specific causes are often unknown Sporadic cases where no clear genetic or environmental influence is identified

Key Symptoms: Asymmetrical head shape, often noticeable at birth or within the first months Flattening of the forehead or skull on one side Prominent forehead or bulging on the affected side Possible associated facial asymmetries In some cases, increased intracranial pressure leading to headaches or developmental delays

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis often begins with a physical examination by a healthcare professional, observing skull asymmetry and palpating the sutures. Imaging studies such as X-rays, computed tomography (CT) scans, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can confirm premature suture closure and help determine the extent of skull deformity. These imaging techniques enable precise assessment of skull growth and guide treatment planning.

Treatment Protocols: The primary treatment for unilateral craniosynostosis involves surgical intervention, typically performed during infancy to allow for optimal cranial growth and development. Surgical options may include cranial vault remodeling or suturectomy to correct skull shape and prevent intracranial pressure issues. In some cases, helmet therapy may be recommended after surgery to further shape the skull. Early intervention usually results in better aesthetic and functional outcomes. Postoperative monitoring is essential to track brain development and head shape over time. Additional therapies may involve a multidisciplinary team, including neurosurgeons, craniofacial surgeons, and developmental specialists.