K02.6

Clinical Causes: Poor oral hygiene leading to plaque buildup Frequent consumption of sugary and acidic foods and drinks Inadequate fluoride exposure, reducing tooth strength Dry mouth conditions reducing saliva flow, which helps neutralize acids Misaligned or crowded teeth making cleaning difficult Existing dental restorations that are failing or rough surfaces that trap food

Key Symptoms: Sensitivity to hot, cold, sweet, or acidic stimuli Formation of visible brown, black, or white spots on the enamel Dentin exposure causing discomfort when biting or chewing Occasional mild pain or discomfort in the affected area Bad taste or bad breath if decay progresses Small holes or pits in the affected tooth surface

Diagnosis Path: A dental professional conducts a comprehensive examination involving visual inspection of the teeth, checking for discolorations, pits, or holes. X-ray imaging (bitewing radiographs) is often used to detect decay that may not be visible to the naked eye, especially on smooth surfaces. The dentist assesses the extent of the decay and determines the appropriate course of treatment.

Treatment Protocols: Removal of decayed tissue through dental drilling or minimally invasive techniques Application of dental fillings to restore the tooth's structure Use of fluoride treatments or varnishes to strengthen the enamel and prevent further decay Implementing better oral hygiene practices, including brushing twice daily with fluoride toothpaste and flossing Dietary modifications to reduce sugar and acid intake Regular dental check-ups for early detection and prevention