A36.84

Clinical Causes: Infection with Corynebacterium diphtheriae, the bacteria responsible for diphtheria The toxin produced by the bacteria causing damage to kidney tissues Delayed or inadequate treatment of diphtheria infection, allowing the bacteria to affect other organs Compromised immune system, which may make the kidneys more susceptible to damage

Key Symptoms: Signs of kidney impairment such as swelling in the legs, ankles, or face Decreased urine output or changes in urine appearance Fatigue and weakness due to toxin buildup in the body Fever and malaise possibly accompanying other diphtheria symptoms Abdominal discomfort or pain Potential development of high blood pressure

Diagnosis Path: History assessment of recent or past diphtheria infection Blood tests to evaluate kidney function, including serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) Urinalysis to detect abnormalities in urine, such as protein or blood Imaging studies like ultrasound to assess kidney size and structural integrity Biopsy of kidney tissue, in some cases, to confirm the extent and nature of kidney damage

Treatment Protocols: Administration of diphtheria antitoxin and antibiotics to eradicate bacterial infection Supportive care for kidney function such as dialysis in severe cases Managing fluid and electrolyte balance meticulously Controlling blood pressure through medications if elevated Monitoring kidney function regularly to assess recovery or progression Long-term follow-up to detect and manage any residual kidney impairment