B67.31
Echinococcus granulosus infection, thyroid gland
Clinical Classification Guidelines
Medical Intelligence & Overview
Echinococcus granulosus infection of the thyroid gland, classified under ICD-10 code B67.31, is a rare parasitic disease caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. This parasite primarily infects the liver and lungs but can occasionally involve other organs, including the thyroid gland. When it affects the thyroid, it can form cystic lesions that may mimic other thyroid conditions. Recognizing and understanding this infection is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective management.
Causes & Symptoms
Clinical Causes: Ingestion of food or water contaminated with tapeworm eggs shed by infected canines, such as dogs. Close contact with infected animals, especially in areas where stray dogs or livestock are common. Poor hygiene practices that facilitate transmission of eggs to humans. Migration of larvae from primary sites like the liver or lungs to the thyroid gland through the bloodstream.
Key Symptoms: Neck swelling or a palpable lump in the thyroid region. Discomfort or pain in the front of the neck. Unexplained weight loss or fatigue in some cases. Difficulty swallowing or sensation of a lump blocking the throat. Rarely, systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, or signs of infection may occur if cysts rupture or become infected.
Diagnostic & Treatment
Diagnosis Path: Ultrasound imaging of the thyroid to identify cystic lesions with characteristic features. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy to obtain tissue samples for microscopic examination and detection of parasitic elements. Serological tests to detect antibodies against Echinococcus granulosus. Computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to assess the extent of cysts and involvement of adjacent tissues.
Treatment Protocols: Surgical removal of the cysts in the thyroid gland, performed carefully to avoid rupture and spillage of infectious material. Use of antiparasitic medications such as albendazole or praziquantel to target residual or inaccessible cysts. Monitoring through imaging and serology to evaluate treatment response and detect potential recurrences. Supportive care to manage symptoms and address any secondary infections or complications.
Clinical Advice & FAQs
Billing Guidance
Is B67.31 a billable ICD-10 code?
Yes, B67.31 is a specific, billable code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes.
Documentation
How do I report B67.31?
Clinical documentation must specify the nature of Echinococcus granulosus infection, thyroid gland and any associated comorbidities for accurate reporting.
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