O86.12

Clinical Causes: Bacterial infections introduced during delivery, especially if the membranes rupture prematurely or if the labor lasted a long time. Retained placenta or membranes that provide a breeding ground for bacteria. Cesarean section surgery, which involves an incision through the abdominal wall and uterus, increases infection risk. Poor hygiene before, during, or after delivery. Prolonged labor or instrumental delivery (use of forceps or vacuum extractor). Pre-existing infections or medical conditions that impair immune response. Multiple vaginal examinations during labor, increasing bacterial exposure.

Key Symptoms: Fever and chills Lower abdominal pain or uterine tenderness Unusual vaginal discharge that may be foul-smelling Pelvic discomfort or heaviness Increased or abnormal lochia (vaginal bleeding after delivery) General malaise and fatigue Rapid heartbeat or increased respiratory rate in severe cases

Diagnosis Path: Medical history review, including details of the delivery process Physical examination, focusing on uterine tenderness and postpartum bleeding Laboratory tests such as blood cultures or complete blood count (CBC) Vaginal and endometrial swabs to identify infectious organisms Imaging studies like ultrasound if retained products or other complications are suspected

Treatment Protocols: Antibiotic therapy tailored to the suspected or identified bacteria Pain management with appropriate medications Monitoring of vital signs and uterine condition Ensuring complete uterine involution and removal of retained tissue, if necessary Hydration and rest to support recovery Addressing any contributing factors, such as promoting good hygiene practices In severe cases, hospitalization and surgical intervention might be required