T67.02

Clinical Causes: Engaging in intense physical activity in hot, humid weather Inadequate hydration before, during, or after exertion Wearing heavy or non-breathable clothing Lack of acclimatization to hot environments Overexertion during exercise or work Pre-existing health conditions affecting temperature regulation Environmental factors such as high temperature, high humidity, and sun exposure

Key Symptoms: High body temperature (above 104°F or 40°C) Altered mental state, including confusion, agitation, or hallucinations Dizziness or fainting Nausea and vomiting Rapid heartbeat (tachycardia) Weakness and muscle cramps Skin that feels hot and dry or moist Seizures in severe cases Headache

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosing exertional heatstroke includes measuring core body temperature with a thermometer and assessing mental status. Medical professionals will check for signs of organ dysfunction, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalance. Blood tests, urine tests, and other laboratory evaluations may be conducted to determine the extent of damage and guide treatment. Recognizing the rapid onset of these symptoms during physical activity in hot environments is essential for timely diagnosis.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment for exertional heatstroke involves immediate cooling to lower the body temperature to safe levels. This can include textured cooling methods such as ice packs on major arteries, cooled intravenous fluids, and immersion in ice water if possible. Supportive care includes hydration with electrolyte solutions, monitoring vital signs, and managing any complications like organ failure. Preventive measures are crucial to avoid recurrence, including proper hydration, acclimatization, wearing appropriate clothing, and avoiding strenuous activity during peak heat hours.