R15.2

Clinical Causes: Inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis Infections of the gastrointestinal tract caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) Malabsorption syndromes like celiac disease Rectal or anal disorders, including hemorrhoids or rectal prolapse Dietary factors, such as high-fat or spicy foods Certain medications affecting bowel movements Stress or psychological factors impacting bowel function Neurological conditions affecting pelvic nerves

Key Symptoms: Sudden, intense urge to have a bowel movement Frequent episodes of urgent bowel movements Possible involuntary leakage of stool Abdominal cramping or discomfort A feeling of incomplete evacuation after a bowel movement Increased frequency of bowel movements beyond normal patterns Possible presence of mucus in stool

Diagnosis Path: Stool tests to identify infections or bleeding Blood tests to check for inflammation or other underlying issues Anoscopy or sigmoidoscopy to examine the rectum and lower colon Imaging studies such as colonoscopy or barium enema Manometry tests to evaluate rectal and anal muscle function Psychological assessments if stress or mental health factors are suspected

Treatment Protocols: Dietary changes to avoid trigger foods (spicy, fatty, or high-fiber foods) Medications such as antidiarrheals or anti-inflammatory drugs Pelvic floor exercises to strengthen muscles and improve control Behavioral therapies, including biofeedback techniques Managing stress through relaxation techniques or counseling Treatment of underlying infections or inflammation Surgical interventions in severe or refractory cases