S02.849

Clinical Causes: Trauma from falls, especially onto the side of the face Sports-related injuries involving direct impact Motor vehicle accidents involving facial impact Physical assaults causing facial blows Blunt objects striking the orbital region

Key Symptoms: Pain around the eye or orbital region Swelling and bruising near the affected eye Numbness or tingling sensation in the cheek or face Decreased movement or restricted mobility of the eye Double vision or blurred vision Sunken appearance of the eye (enophthalmos) Visible deformity or swelling on the side of the face

Diagnosis Path: Healthcare providers typically perform a thorough physical examination to assess the extent of swelling, bruising, and facial symmetry. Imaging studies are essential, with computed tomography (CT) scans being the preferred method to visualize the fracture. CT imaging helps determine the size, location, and any displacement of the fracture, as well as involvement of nearby structures such as the sinuses or nerve pathways. Additional tests may include visual acuity assessments and eye movement evaluations to identify functional impairments.

Treatment Protocols: Management of a lateral orbital wall fracture depends on the severity and the impact on vision or facial structure. Common approaches include: - Observation: Minor fractures without significant displacement or functional impairment may be monitored over time. - Medical therapy: Use of corticosteroids to reduce swelling, pain relievers, and antibiotics if there’s a risk of sinus infection. - Surgical intervention: Fractures involving displaced bones, impairments in eye movement, or visual issues often require surgical repair. This involves repositioning the fractured bone segments and stabilizing them with plates or screws. The primary goal is to restore the orbital structure, prevent enophthalmos, and protect ocular function. Post-treatment, patients may need follow-up to monitor healing, address any complications, and assess eye function and facial appearance.