S62.25

Clinical Causes: Falls onto the hand with the thumb extended or in a vulnerable position Direct blow or trauma to the base of the thumb Sports injuries involving a fall or impact on the hand Accidental crushing injuries Motor vehicle accidents causing hand trauma

Key Symptoms: Pain at the base of the thumb, especially when trying to move or grasp Swelling and tenderness around the thumb's base Bruising in the affected area Decreased grip strength Difficulty in thumb movement or pinching Deformity or abnormal position of the thumb in severe cases

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis begins with a detailed physical examination where the healthcare provider assesses pain, swelling, and the range of motion. Imaging studies, primarily X-rays, are essential to confirm the presence and extent of the fracture, as well as to determine if the bone is displaced or misaligned. Additional imaging tests may be performed if further detail is required.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options vary based on the severity and type of the fracture. Common approaches include: - **Conservative Management:** For non-displaced fractures, immobilization with a thumb spica cast or splint may be sufficient, typically worn for several weeks. - **Reduction and Immobilization:** If the bone is displaced, manual realignment (reduction) may be performed, followed by immobilization. - **Surgical Intervention:** In cases of severe displacement or involving multiple fragments, surgical fixation with pins, screws, or plates may be necessary to stabilize the bone and ensure proper healing. - **Rehabilitation:** After immobilization or surgery, physical therapy exercises help restore strength and range of motion. Follow-up is important to monitor healing progress and prevent complications such as stiffness or malunion.