S92.2

Clinical Causes: Direct trauma or impact from accidents, falls, or sports injuries Twisting or rotational injuries to the foot Falls from height landing on the feet Motor vehicle accidents Overuse or stress fractures in certain cases

Key Symptoms: Pain localized over the affected tarsal bone Swelling and tenderness around the foot Difficulty bearing weight or walking Bruising or discoloration of the skin Deformity or abnormal positioning in severe cases Reduced range of motion in the ankle or foot

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis begins with a thorough medical history and physical examination of the foot and ankle. The healthcare provider may inquire about recent trauma or activities that could lead to a fracture. Imaging studies are essential, with X-rays being the primary tool to identify the location and severity of the fracture. In some cases, CT scans or MRI may be recommended for a more detailed assessment, especially if the fracture is complex or not clearly visible on X-ray. Proper diagnosis helps in planning appropriate treatment options.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment varies depending on the type, location, and severity of the fracture. Common approaches include: - Rest and activity modification to allow healing - Immobilization with a cast or brace to stabilize the bone - Use of crutches to reduce weight-bearing on the affected foot - Pain management with medications as advised by a healthcare professional - In cases of displaced or complicated fractures, surgical intervention may be necessary to realign and fix the bones with pins, screws, or plates - Follow-up care and physical therapy to restore strength, flexibility, and function in the foot Gentle rehabilitation exercises and a gradual return to normal activities are crucial for complete recovery and to prevent future injuries.