Q70.02

Clinical Causes: Genetic factors: Syndactyly often occurs as part of genetic syndromes or due to inherited gene mutations. Family history: A history of syndactyly in family members increases the likelihood of occurrence. Environmental factors during pregnancy: Though less common, specific environmental exposures during fetal development may play a role. Associated syndromes: Conditions such as Holt-Oram syndrome, Poland syndrome, or Apert syndrome can include syndactyly as a manifestation.

Key Symptoms: Fingers that are abnormally joined or fused together on the left hand. Variation in the appearance: fingers may be connected only at the skin level (simple syndactyly) or may involve bone (complex syndactyly). Potential limitations in finger movement or hand function if the fusion is extensive. Cosmetic differences that may affect hand appearance and sometimes influence self-esteem. In some cases, the fused fingers are asymptomatic aside from their appearance.

Diagnosis Path: The diagnosis of syndactyly is primarily based on physical examination. A doctor will assess the hand's structure, noting the degree and extent of finger fusion. Imaging studies such as X-rays may be used to determine whether bones are involved and to plan treatment, especially if surgical correction is considered. The diagnosis may also include screening for associated syndromes if other abnormalities are observed or suspected.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options depend on the severity of the syndactyly and the functional or cosmetic concerns. Common approaches include: - Surgical Separation: Typically performed in early childhood to improve hand function and appearance, involving careful dissection and skin grafting if necessary. - Non-surgical management: In minor cases where functional impairment is minimal, observation and occupational therapy may suffice. - Post-surgical rehabilitation: Hand therapy exercises and occupational therapy can enhance mobility and strength post-operation. Long-term follow-up is important to monitor hand development and address any complications or need for further intervention.