B83.9

Clinical Causes: Contact with contaminated soil, water, or food containing helminth eggs or larvae Poor sanitation and hygiene practices Consuming undercooked or contaminated meat, fish, or vegetables Traveling to areas where helminth infections are common Inadequate access to clean water

Key Symptoms: Fatigue and weakness Abdominal pain or discomfort Digestive issues such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea Unexplained weight loss Itching around the anus or vulva Visible worms in stool or vomit Loss of appetite Anemia in cases of heavy infection Eosinophilia (increased eosinophil count in blood test)

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis typically involves stool tests to detect helminth eggs or larvae. In some cases, blood tests may be performed to identify eosinophilia or specific antibodies. Imaging studies or endoscopy might be used when worms are visible or suspected in certain organs. A healthcare provider will evaluate symptoms, medical history, and laboratory results to confirm an infection.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment generally includes antiparasitic medications such as albendazole, mebendazole, or praziquantel. The choice of medication depends on the type of helminth identified or suspected. In addition to medication, maintaining good hygiene practices and improving sanitation are important for preventing reinfection. Nutritional support may be necessary if the infection has caused deficiencies or weight loss. Follow-up testing might be needed to ensure complete eradication of the worms.