B00.81

Clinical Causes: Reactivation of herpes simplex virus (HSV) that has remained dormant in the body Initial infection with herpes simplex virus leading to liver involvement Transmission through close contact with an infected individual, especially during active outbreaks Immunosuppression—conditions such as HIV/AIDS, organ transplantation, or chemotherapy that weaken the immune system

Key Symptoms: Fever and chills Abdominal pain, especially in the upper right quadrant Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) Fatigue and general malaise Nausea and loss of appetite Dark urine and pale-colored stools Potential presence of cold sores or genital herpes lesions

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosing herpesviral hepatitis involves a combination of clinical evaluation and laboratory tests. Medical professionals typically use blood tests to detect herpes simplex virus DNA through polymerase chain reaction (PCR), along with blood markers indicating liver inflammation such as elevated liver enzymes. Imaging tests like ultrasound may be used to assess liver condition. In certain cases, a liver biopsy might be performed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other liver diseases.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and controlling the viral infection. Antiviral medications, such as acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir, are commonly prescribed to reduce viral replication and shorten the duration of illness. Supportive care, including maintaining hydration and rest, helps the body recover. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary for intensive support, especially for those with compromised immune systems or significant liver dysfunction. Preventive strategies include minimizing contact during active outbreaks and practicing good hygiene.