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Clinical Causes: Bacterial infection, mainly by *Staphylococcus aureus* or *Streptococcus pyogenes* Skin trauma or minor cuts, scratches, or insect bites that allow bacteria to enter Close contact with an infected person, especially in crowded environments Poor hygiene or moist skin conditions that facilitate bacterial growth Compromised immune system or underlying skin conditions that reduce resistance

Key Symptoms: Red sores or blisters, often itchy and inflamed Sores that quickly rupture, ooze, and develop a yellowish or golden crust Spread of sores to other parts of the body through scratching or contact Possibility of swelling around the affected areas Mild fever or general discomfort in some cases

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of impetigo is typically based on a physical examination of the skin lesions. Healthcare providers look for characteristic appearance, distribution, and any signs of secondary infection. They may also take a skin swab to identify the bacteria involved, especially if the infection doesn’t respond to initial treatments or if there are multiple or atypical lesions. No invasive procedures are usually necessary for diagnosis.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment generally involves the use of topical antibiotics applied directly to affected areas to eliminate the bacteria. In more extensive or resistant cases, oral antibiotics may be prescribed. Maintaining good hygiene, keeping the affected skin clean and dry, and avoiding scratching can help prevent spread and promote healing. It is also advisable to wash contaminated clothing, bedding, and towels regularly to reduce the risk of reinfection. Patients are encouraged to keep lesions covered to limit contagion.