S83.013

Clinical Causes: Sudden twisting or pivoting movements on a bent knee Direct trauma or blow to the knee from an external force Weakness or imbalance in the muscles supporting the knee Structural abnormalities such as high-riding patella or shallow femoral groove Repeated stress or overuse during sports activities Previous episodes of patellar subluxation or dislocation

Key Symptoms: Knee pain, especially on the outer side of the kneecap A feeling of the knee giving way or instability Swelling around the kneecap Decreased range of motion in the knee joint Tenderness when touching the outer part of the kneecap Visible misalignment or outward displacement of the kneecap during movement

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis involves a physical examination where a healthcare provider assesses knee stability, alignment, and tenderness. Imaging tests such as X-rays are vital for visualizing the position of the patella and ruling out associated fractures or structural abnormalities. Sometimes, MRI scans are utilized to evaluate soft tissue damage, like ligament injuries or cartilage damage that may accompany the subluxation.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment strategies aim to relieve symptoms, restore knee stability, and prevent recurrence. They include: - Rest and activity modification to avoid aggravating movements - Ice application to reduce swelling - Use of compression bands or knee braces for support - Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain relief - Physical therapy focused on strengthening the quadriceps, hamstrings, and muscles around the knee - Gait training and proprioception exercises to improve knee stability In cases recurrent or severe subluxations, surgical options such as realignment procedures or soft tissue repair may be considered to correct structural abnormalities or repair damaged tissues. Post-surgical rehabilitation is crucial for a successful recovery.