A69.20

Clinical Causes: Being bitten by a black-legged tick infected with Borrelia burgdorferi Tick exposure during outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, or yard work Living or spending time in areas where infected ticks are common, especially wooded and grassy regions Poorly protected skin, allowing ticks to attach and feed

Key Symptoms: Early signs include a distinctive skin rash called erythema migrans, often resembling a bull's-eye around the bite site Fever and chills Fatigue and general tiredness Muscle and joint aches Headaches Swollen lymph nodes In some cases, neurological symptoms like facial palsy or meningitis Later stages may involve arthritis, severe neurological problems, or heart issues

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosing Lyme disease involves a combination of clinical evaluation and laboratory testing. Healthcare providers typically examine for the characteristic rash and inquire about possible tick exposure. Blood tests, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) followed by Western blot, are used to confirm infection. Since early symptoms are similar to other illnesses, accurate diagnosis relies on medical history and physical examination.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment generally includes a course of antibiotics like doxycycline, amoxicillin, or cefuroxime, especially when the disease is detected early. The duration of therapy depends on the stage of infection and symptoms severity. Most individuals recover fully with prompt treatment, but some may require extended therapy if neurological or joint complications develop. Rest and symptom management are also important components of care.