S37.029

Clinical Causes: Motor vehicle accidents Falls from significant heights Physical assaults or blows to the back or flank Sports-related injuries Industrial or workplace accidents Crush injuries from heavy objects

Key Symptoms: Sudden, severe pain in the back or side Tenderness over the affected area Swelling or bruising in the flank region Blood in the urine (hematuria) Nausea or vomiting Signs of shock such as dizziness or fainting in severe cases Reduced urine output in some cases

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of a major kidney contusion involves a combination of clinical examination and imaging studies. Initial physical assessments focus on pain, tenderness, and signs of internal injury. Imaging techniques such as ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan are essential for visualizing the extent of the kidney injury, confirming the presence of a contusion, and ruling out other internal damages or bleeding. Laboratory tests, including urinalysis, may detect hematuria and assess kidney function.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment approaches depend on the severity of the injury. In milder cases, management may involve: - Rest and close observation - Pain management with appropriate medications - Avoidance of strenuous activity - Hydration to support kidney function In severe injuries or if there is significant bleeding or other complications, hospitalization might be necessary. Interventions can include: - Blood transfusions if there's substantial blood loss - Surgical procedures to control bleeding or repair kidney tissue - Embolization procedures to stop bleeding Follow-up care includes monitoring for signs of infection, continued assessment of kidney function, and imaging to ensure healing. Most minor to moderate contusions heal with conservative treatment, while more severe cases may require surgical intervention.