C70.0

Clinical Causes: Genetic mutations leading to abnormal cell growth in meninges Exposure to high doses of radiation or carcinogenic chemicals History of prior radiation therapy in the head region Familial predisposition or hereditary cancer syndromes Unknown factors in some cases, as specific causes remain undetermined

Key Symptoms: Persistent headaches that may worsen over time Seizures or neurological disturbances such as weakness or numbness Visual disturbances including blurred vision or loss of vision Seizure activity or sudden changes in mental status Balance problems, dizziness, or difficulty walking Symptoms related to increased intracranial pressure, like nausea or vomiting Behavioral or cognitive changes, such as memory loss or confusion

Diagnosis Path: Detailed neurological examination to assess motor, sensory, and cognitive functions Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain to visualize tumor size and location Computed Tomography (CT) scan if MRI is contraindicated or to further evaluate brain structures Biopsy procedures to obtain tissue samples for histopathological examination Imaging studies like MR spectroscopy or PET scans for further evaluation Assessment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) if metastasis or dissemination is suspected

Treatment Protocols: Surgical resection to remove as much of the tumor as possible Radiation therapy to target residual tumor cells or inoperable tumors Chemotherapy, often with agents that can cross the blood-brain barrier, though its role may be limited Targeted therapy or immunotherapy in specific cases, especially for recurrent or resistant tumors Supportive and palliative care to manage symptoms and improve quality of life