L60.2

Clinical Causes: Repeated trauma or injury to the nail matrix Poor peripheral circulation, especially in the elderly or diabetics Chronic infections or fungal infections affecting the nails Neglected nail care leading to accumulation of debris Underlying systemic conditions such as psoriasis or ichthyosis Nail psoriasis or other dermatological conditions Inadequate moisture or repeated exposure to wet environments Genetic predisposition in some cases

Key Symptoms: Thickening of the nail plate Excessive curvature of the nails, resembling a ram's horn Discoloration, often yellowish or brownish Nail deformity, including irregular or distorted nail shape Accumulation of keratin debris under the nail Discomfort or pain, especially when shoes press against affected nails Difficulty trimming or maintaining the nails Potential secondary infections if neglected

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis primarily involves a clinical examination of the affected nails. The healthcare provider assesses the shape, thickness, and color of the nails and reviews the patient's medical history. In some cases, samples of nail debris or tissue may be taken for laboratory analysis to rule out fungal or bacterial infections. Imaging tests are rarely needed but may be used to evaluate the underlying bone or tissue if deformities are severe. Accurate diagnosis helps distinguish onychogryphosis from other nail conditions like psoriasis or fungal infections.

Treatment Protocols: Management of onychogryphosis varies based on severity and underlying causes and often includes a combination of approaches: