M71.5

Clinical Causes: Repeated or prolonged pressure on a joint Trauma or injury to the affected joint Excessive or repetitive movements that strain the joint Infections that lead to bursitis Underlying medical conditions such as gout or rheumatoid arthritis Age-related degeneration of the bursae Prolonged immobilization or unusual joint stress

Key Symptoms: Localized pain near the affected joint, which may worsen with movement Swelling or tenderness around the joint area Limited range of motion in the affected joint Warmth and redness in rare cases, especially if infection is involved Increased discomfort during activity or pressure on the joint Possible palpable swelling or mass over the bursae

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests. The healthcare provider assesses the joint for tenderness, swelling, and range of motion. Imaging techniques such as X-rays can help rule out other causes like fractures, while ultrasound or MRI may provide detailed images of the bursae. In cases of suspected infection, joint fluid may be sampled through aspiration for laboratory analysis to identify bacteria or other pathogens.

Treatment Protocols: Management strategies focus on relieving symptoms and addressing underlying causes. Typical treatments include: - Rest and joint protection to minimize aggravation - Application of ice packs to reduce swelling and pain - Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to control inflammation - Physical therapy exercises to restore joint function and strength - Aspiration of joint fluid in severe cases to reduce pressure and remove excess fluid - Antibiotics if infection is diagnosed - In rare cases, corticosteroid injections may be administered to decrease inflammation - Surgical intervention is considered only if bursitis persists despite conservative measures or if there is an underlying structural issue