M71.179

Clinical Causes: Bacterial infection entering through a cut, puncture wound, or abrasion near the ankle or foot Spread of infection from nearby skin or soft tissue infections Contamination during surgery or other invasive procedures Recurrent trauma or repetitive pressure causing bursitis that becomes secondarily infected Immunocompromised states, increasing susceptibility to infection

Key Symptoms: Localized swelling around the ankle or foot Pain or tenderness in the affected area Redness and warmth over the bursa Limited range of motion due to pain or swelling Fever or chills if the infection becomes systemic Possible pus formation or drainage if the bursa ruptures

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis often begins with a physical examination to assess swelling, redness, and pain. Imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI may help visualize fluid accumulation and rule out other causes of joint or soft tissue injury. Laboratory tests, including blood tests to check for signs of infection and aspiration of fluid from the bursa for analysis and culture, are essential to identify the infectious agent and determine appropriate treatment. Differential diagnoses might include non-infective bursitis, gout, or other joint conditions.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment of infective bursitis generally involves addressing the infection and alleviating symptoms. Approaches may include: - **Antibiotic therapy:** Prescribed based on culture results to target the specific bacteria responsible for the infection. - **Drainage:** Surgical or needle aspiration of the bursa to remove infected fluid can be necessary, especially if there is significant pus accumulation. - **Rest and immobilization:** Limiting movement to reduce pressure on the affected bursa. - **Pain management:** Using analgesics to control discomfort. - **Addressing underlying causes:** Such as repairing skin wounds or managing repetitive trauma. In cases where there is persistent infection or damage, surgical intervention to remove the inflamed bursa may be considered. Follow-up care is vital to monitor for recurrence and prevent complications.