F15.259

Clinical Causes: Prolonged or heavy use of stimulant drugs Repeated exposure to high doses of stimulants Genetic predisposition to substance dependence Co-occurring mental health disorders Environmental factors that encourage drug use

Key Symptoms: Hallucinations, such as seeing or hearing things that aren't there Delusions, false beliefs not based in reality Agitation and restlessness Paranoia or intense suspiciousness Confusion and disorganized thinking Elevated mood or euphoria followed by depression Sleep disturbances Anxiety or panic attacks Physical symptoms like increased heart rate, sweating, and tremors

Diagnosis Path: The diagnosis involves a comprehensive clinical assessment by a healthcare professional. This includes evaluating the patient's history of stimulant use, observing current mental state, and ruling out other psychiatric or medical conditions. Additional tests such as blood work or neuroimaging may be used to exclude other causes of psychosis. It is also important to assess the severity and duration of symptoms to determine the appropriate diagnosis and treatment plan.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment typically combines medical, psychological, and social approaches to address both stimulant dependence and psychotic symptoms. Common interventions include: - Medications to manage symptoms, including antipsychotics or other psychotropic drugs - Behavioral therapies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to modify drug-using behaviors and address underlying issues - Support groups and counseling to support recovery - Detoxification programs for individuals with severe dependence, under medical supervision - Long-term follow-up to monitor for relapse and manage ongoing mental health concerns In some cases, inpatient treatment may be recommended for intensive management, especially if symptoms are severe or pose a risk to the individual or others.