S83.24

Clinical Causes: Sudden twisting or pivoting motions, especially when bearing weight on the knee Direct blow or trauma to the knee, such as during sports or accidents Degenerative changes associated with aging, leading to weakened cartilage Repeated knee rotation or twisting over time Overuse injuries due to repetitive stress on the knee joint

Key Symptoms: Pain localized on the inside of the knee, worsening with movement or twisting Swelling and stiffness in the knee area Difficulty fully extending or bending the knee A sensation of the knee 'locking' or catching during movement Feeling of instability or that the knee might give way Tenderness when pressing on the joint line on the inner side of the knee

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of a medial meniscus tear typically involves a physical exam, where a healthcare provider checks for swelling, tenderness, and signs of mechanical issues like locking. Specific maneuvers, such as the McMurray test, may reproduce symptoms. Imaging tests like MRI scans are often used to confirm the tear, assess its severity, and guide treatment planning. X-rays may be used to rule out other injuries but do not visualize soft tissues directly.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options depend on the extent of the tear, symptoms, and patient's activity level. Common approaches include: - Rest and activity modifications to prevent further injury - Ice application to reduce swelling - Compression and elevation to control inflammation - Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain relief - Physical therapy to strengthen muscles and improve joint stability - In some cases, minimally invasive surgery such as arthroscopic meniscectomy to remove or repair the torn meniscus - Post-surgical rehabilitation to regain strength, flexibility, and function In less severe cases, conservative management may be sufficient, while more significant tears may require surgical intervention.