V13.4

Clinical Causes: Failure of drivers to see cyclists, especially during poor lighting conditions or at intersections. Distracted driving due to mobile phone use, eating, or other distractions. Poor road conditions, including potholes, uneven surfaces, or lack of dedicated bicycle lanes. High vehicle speeds reducing reaction time for drivers and cyclists. Weather conditions such as rain, fog, or snow which impair visibility and road grip. Cyclist error such as sudden maneuvering or failure to signal intentions. Lack of appropriate safety gear like helmets or reflective clothing. Impulsivity or risk-taking behaviors by cyclists.

Key Symptoms: Head injuries, including concussions or lacerations Broken or fractured bones, especially limbs and ribs Bruises and soft tissue injuries Road rash or abrasions from sliding on pavement Chest injuries from impact with vehicle parts Back and spinal injuries Cuts and lacerations requiring stitches Visible deformities of limbs or joints Loss of consciousness or dizziness

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosing injuries from traffic collisions involves a thorough physical examination and medical history review. Imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs are often necessary to identify fractures, internal injuries, or head trauma. Emergency responders may perform initial assessments using protocols like the Glasgow Coma Scale to evaluate consciousness levels and injury severity. Proper diagnosis facilitates appropriate treatment planning and management.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment varies based on the severity and type of injuries sustained. Common approaches include: - **Emergency care:** Immediate stabilization, airway management, bleeding control, and pain relief. - **Imaging and assessment:** Diagnostic tests to evaluate internal injuries and fractures. - **Surgical intervention:** Repair of fractures, bleeding control, or reduction of dislocated joints, if necessary. - **Non-surgical management:** Casts, splints, or physical therapy for minor fractures and soft tissue injuries. - **Rehabilitation:** Physical therapy and occupational therapy to restore function and mobility. - **Psychological support:** Counseling services to address trauma and aid recovery. Preventive measures such as wearing protective gear, obeying traffic laws, and staying alert while cycling or driving can help reduce the risk of such accidents.