T38.2

Clinical Causes: Accidental overdose of antithyroid medications Misadministration or incorrect dosage adjustments Intentional overdose or misuse Poor adherence leading to subtherapeutic dosing Interactions with other medications that alter drug levels Lack of proper medical supervision during treatment

Key Symptoms: Fatigue and weakness Unintended hair loss Nausea and vomiting Muscle aches and cramps Weight gain Cold intolerance Bradycardia (slow heart rate) Depression or mood changes Dizziness or fainting Signs of thyroid hormone imbalance, such as dry skin or constipation in cases of underdosing

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis typically involves a thorough clinical assessment, review of medication history, and laboratory tests. Blood tests measure levels of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and drug concentrations to determine the extent of poisoning or deficiency. Additional tests may include liver function tests, as antithyroid drugs can sometimes affect liver health. Imaging studies are rarely necessary but may be used to assess thyroid size or nodules if indicated.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment varies based on the severity of poisoning or adverse effects. It often includes interventions such as: - Discontinuation or adjustment of the antithyroid medication - Supportive care to manage symptoms, including fluids and electrolytes - Use of specific antidotes if available and appropriate - Monitoring of thyroid function and clinical status - In severe cases, hospitalization may be required for intensive management - Some cases might require interventions like plasmapheresis or other procedures if the poisoning is significant Long-term management involves careful dose adjustments, regular follow-up, and patient education to prevent future complications.