J33.0

Clinical Causes: Chronic sinus inflammation or sinusitis Allergic rhinitis Infections within the nasal passages Environmental irritants such as pollution or tobacco smoke Genetic predisposition

Key Symptoms: Nasal congestion or blockage Reduced or lost sense of smell Runny nose (rhinorrhea) Frequent nasal infections Post-nasal drip Facial pressure or pain, especially around the forehead or cheeks Snoring or disturbed sleep

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history examination and a physical assessment of the nasal passages. An ENT specialist may use nasal endoscopy—a thin, flexible tube with a camera—to visualize the polyps directly. Imaging studies such as CT scans can help determine the size, location, and extent of the polyps, which assists in planning appropriate treatment strategies.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options aim to reduce symptoms and remove the polyps when necessary. Approaches include: - **Medications:** Corticosteroid nasal sprays or oral steroids are often prescribed to decrease inflammation and reduce polyp size. Allergy medications may also be recommended if allergies contribute to the development. - **Surgical removal:** In cases where polyps cause significant obstruction or do not respond to medical therapy, surgical procedures like polypectomy can be performed. This minimally invasive approach involves removing the polyps through nasal endoscopy. - **Managing underlying causes:** Addressing allergies, infections, or environmental triggers is essential for preventing recurrence and promoting nasal health.