S01.04

Clinical Causes: Accidental falls onto sharp objects such as nails, glass, or metal pieces Work-related injuries involving machinery or tools Assaults with sharp weapons Handling or disposal of sharp or pointed materials without proper protection Sports injuries, particularly in contact sports or activities involving equipment

Key Symptoms: Sharp pain at the injury site Bleeding from the wound Swelling or redness around the wound Presence of a visible foreign object in the scalp Tenderness when touching the area Possible signs of infection later, such as pus, increased redness, or warmth

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis involves a physical examination of the scalp to assess the extent of the wound and presence of any embedded foreign body. Often, imaging studies like X-rays are necessary to identify and locate metallic or radiopaque foreign objects. In some cases, computed tomography (CT) scans or ultrasound may be employed for detailed visualization, especially if the foreign body is not visible on initial imaging or if there is concern about injury to underlying structures such as blood vessels or the skull.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment focuses on proper wound care to prevent infection and removal of any foreign material. This may include: - Cleaning the wound thoroughly with antiseptic solutions - Administering local anesthesia if necessary for removal - Carefully extracting any foreign body under sterile conditions - Suturing the wound if appropriate to promote healing - Prescribing antibiotics to prevent or treat infection - Providing tetanus prophylaxis if vaccination is not up to date - Monitoring for signs of infection or other complications In some cases, surgical intervention or consultation with specialists such as a neurosurgeon may be needed for deep or complex injuries.