O71.1

Clinical Causes: Previous uterine surgery, such as cesarean section or myomectomy, which may weaken the uterine wall. Overdistension of the uterus, often due to multiple pregnancies (twins, triplets, etc.) or excessive amniotic fluid. Traumatic labor involving excessive force or abnormal fetal positions. Use of labor-inducing drugs, like oxytocin or prostaglandins, which can increase uterine contractions. Obstetric maneuvers or interventions that exert trauma on the uterus. Underlying uterine abnormalities, such as congenital defects or scar tissue.

Key Symptoms: Sudden, severe abdominal pain that may radiate to the back or shoulders. Vaginal bleeding, which can range from light to heavy. Loss of fetal station or abnormal fetal heart rate patterns indicating distress. A rapid decline in maternal blood pressure and signs of shock. Palpable fetal parts or the fetus protruding through the uterine rupture site (in some cases). Uterine tenderness and rigidity or a palpable gap in the uterine wall. Loss of intrauterine pregnancy signs, such as cessation of fetal movements.

Diagnosis Path: Clinical evaluation based on maternal symptoms and fetal status. Ultrasound imaging to assess uterine integrity and fetal well-being. Monitoring of fetal heart rate patterns that suggest distress. Assessment of maternal vital signs and signs of shock. Surgical exploration or laparotomy, if rupture is suspected or diagnosed during surgery.

Treatment Protocols: Emergency surgical intervention, typically a cesarean hysterectomy or repair of the uterine tear. Blood transfusions to manage significant blood loss. Management of maternal shock with IV fluids and stabilization measures. Monitoring in intensive care units post-surgery. Supportive care for maternal recovery and fetal management. Counseling and assessment for future pregnancies, as uterine rupture increases the risk of recurrence. Additional treatment based on the severity of the rupture and associated complications.