L72.3

Clinical Causes: Blocked or damaged hair follicles or pore openings Accumulation of sebum and keratin within a hair follicle or pore Skin trauma or injury leading to skin tissue damage Poor personal hygiene, which can promote bacterial growth Genetic factors or a family history of sebaceous cysts

Key Symptoms: A round, dome-shaped bump beneath the skin that feels firm or soft Size can vary from a few millimeters to several centimeters Skin over the cyst may be normal, discolored, or red if inflammation occurs Cyst may be mobile and painless when not inflamed Possible tenderness, swelling, or redness if infected or inflamed In some cases, a small central opening (punctum) may be visible Infected cysts can produce a foul-smelling or cheesy discharge

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of a sebaceous cyst typically involves a physical examination where a healthcare professional assesses the appearance and texture of the lump. In some cases, the clinician may perform a needle aspirate or biopsy to rule out other skin conditions or malignancies. Imaging tests like ultrasound are rarely necessary but can be used to evaluate larger or deeper cysts, especially if there is concern about other underlying structures.

Treatment Protocols: Many sebaceous cysts do not require treatment unless they cause discomfort or become infected. Possible management options include: - Observation: Monitoring the cyst for changes, especially if it remains painless and uninfected. - Surgical excision: Complete removal of the cyst and its lining to prevent recurrence, typically performed under local anesthesia. - Drainage: If infected, the cyst may be incised and drained to relieve pressure and discharge pus. Antibiotics may be prescribed if there is significant infection. - Avoiding squeezing or attempting to rupture the cyst at home, as this can lead to infection or scarring. Prompt medical evaluation is advised if the cyst enlarges rapidly, becomes painful, shows signs of infection, or recurs after drainage or removal.