K11.20

Clinical Causes: Bacterial infections, often caused by bacteria like Staphylococcus or Streptococcus Viral infections, such as mumps or other contagious viruses Obstruction of the salivary ducts due to salivary stones (sialolithiasis) Dehydration leading to thickened saliva and reduced flow Chronic conditions like Sjögren’s syndrome, which affect salivary secretion Trauma or injury to the salivary glands Medications that reduce saliva production, such as certain antihistamines or antidepressants Poor oral hygiene and dental infections

Key Symptoms: Swelling and tenderness of the affected salivary gland Pain in the face, jaw, or throat, especially during eating or drinking Redness over the affected area Dry mouth or decreased saliva production Fever and general malaise in cases of bacterial infection Difficulty opening the mouth or swallowing Pus or discharge from the salivary duct in severe cases

Diagnosis Path: Imaging tests such as ultrasound or sialography to visualize blockages or abscesses Laboratory tests including saliva cultures or blood work to identify infections Assessment of medical history and recent symptoms to determine underlying causes

Treatment Protocols: Hydration with increased fluid intake to promote saliva flow Warm compresses applied to the affected area to reduce swelling Pain relief with over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen or NSAIDs Antibiotics if a bacterial infection is diagnosed Sialogogues, or agents that stimulate saliva production, such as sour candies Good oral hygiene practices to prevent additional infections In cases involving stones or obstructions, minor surgical procedures may be required Addressing underlying conditions like autoimmune disorders