T73.0

Clinical Causes: Chronic poverty or famine situations leading to lack of access to sufficient food Eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia that result in restricted food intake Mental health conditions that impair appetite or motivation to eat Physical illness or disabilities that hinder the ability to obtain or consume food Inability to afford or access grocery stores or food supplies due to socioeconomic factors Accidental or deliberate food restriction in situations such as starvation protests or extreme dieting Substance abuse or addiction that suppresses appetite or leads to neglect of nutrition

Key Symptoms: Extreme weight loss and muscle wasting Fatigue and weakness Dizziness and fainting Pale skin and dry hair Cold intolerance and hypothermia Loss of subcutaneous fat leading to emaciation Delayed wound healing Reduced immunity increasing risk of infections Behavioral changes such as irritability, apathy, or depression Electrolyte imbalances which may cause irregular heartbeat

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of starvation involves a comprehensive clinical evaluation that includes a detailed history of food intake, physical examination focusing on signs of malnutrition, and laboratory tests. Blood tests such as complete blood count (CBC), electrolyte panels, kidney and liver function tests, and nutritional assessment panels are used to determine the extent of deficiency. Imaging studies may be utilized to assess body composition and rule out other medical conditions.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment aims to restore adequate nutrition and address any underlying causes contributing to starvation. Strategies include carefully monitored refeeding programs, nutritional counseling, and psychological support if eating disorders are involved. In some cases, intravenous fluids and electrolyte correction may be necessary to stabilize the patient. Long-term management involves dietary planning, addressing socioeconomic barriers, and continuous medical supervision to prevent relapse. Multidisciplinary approaches are essential for effective recovery and to prevent complications related to malnutrition.