O92.5

Clinical Causes: Hormonal imbalances, especially involving prolactin or estrogen levels Hormone therapy or medications that inhibit milk production Medical conditions such as hypothyroidism or pituitary disorders Breast surgery or injuries that damage milk ducts or glands Stress, fatigue, or emotional factors that impact milk production Insufficient stimulation of the breasts, such as infrequent or ineffective nursing Secondary causes like illness, medication, or postpartum complications

Key Symptoms: Absence of breast milk production within the first days after birth Breasts that feel engorged but do not produce milk Breast discomfort or swelling without milk expression Infant may show signs of hunger despite mother's efforts to nurse Mother experiencing frustration or concern over milk supply

Diagnosis Path: Healthcare providers evaluate suppressed lactation through medical history, physical examination, and sometimes blood tests to analyze hormone levels. They may also assess the mother’s medication use or underlying health conditions. Observation of the infant’s feeding behavior and milk production provides additional insights. Imaging studies or specialized tests are rarely needed but can be used if structural issues are suspected.

Treatment Protocols: Encouraging frequent and effective breastfeeding or milk expression, if possible Addressing any hormonal imbalances through appropriate medical interventions Adjusting or discontinuing medications that inhibit milk production under medical supervision Providing emotional support and counseling to reduce stress and anxiety Using galactagogues—substances believed to increase milk supply—only under medical guidance Managing underlying health conditions that may affect lactation In cases where milk production cannot be restored, alternative feeding options such as donor milk or formula may be considered